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Hong Junsheng
Hong Junsheng (洪均生), born in 1907,Henan Province (河南省), China, was a Chinese martial arts practitioner, teacher and author. Hong was the longest serving disciple for the Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan (陈式太极拳) master Chen Fake (陈发科, 1887–1957). Starting in 1930, Hong trained uninterrupted with Chen for fifteen years. In 1956, Hong moved to Jinan (济南), Shandong Province (山东省). There, he practiced and researched the meaning of Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan. He expressed his own understanding of the ''ch'uan'' through his teachings and his writings. His theories and training principles are now known as the Practical Method for Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan (陈式太极实用拳法). Through the turmoil of the Cultural Revolution, Hong maintained his dedication to the enrichment of his art. In the Era of Restructuring, Hong had trained a new generation of Chen Stylists and wrote several articles to illuminate the mysteries of Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan. As China opened up to the international community, Hong was rediscovered as an important linkage to this ancient Chinese martial arts tradition. T'ai chi enthusiasts from all over the world would come to train with this remarkable man. Fame and fortune did not change Hong. He remains steadfast to the ideals of the Tao. Near the end of his life, old and in ill health, he would still maintain his daily t'ai chi training schedule and looked forward to doing Push hands with his students. In 1996, aged 90 (according to the Chinese calendar), Hong died. Hong is survived by his family, his dedicated disciples and the lasting legacy of his Practical Method.
==Training with Chen Fake (1930 - 1956)==
Hong Junsheng (洪均生) was born in 1907, Yuxian County (禹县), Henan Province (河南省). His grandfather was a government official in the Qing Court. At an early age, Hong's family moved to Beijing. Hong's family was affluent providing Hong with a leisurely life style and a classical Chinese education. When Hong was young, he was physically weak and often sick. By the time Hong was seventeen, Hong could no longer continue his education because of his illness. Still feeling weak and sick even after getting married at the age of 20, Hong decided to improve his health by becoming more physically active. He started by walking around the Beijing neighborhood. In 1930, Hong began to learn Wu-style t'ai chi ch'uan (吴式太极拳) from Liu Musan (刘慕三) to further improve his health. Liu originally from Wuxi (无锡) in Jiangsu Province (江苏省), was the director of the Telegram Service Department at Beijing Telegram Bureau and a well regarded protégé of Wu Chien-ch'uan (吴鉴泉, 1870–1942). The t'ai chi ch'uan world was in flux, just as Hong started his training with Liu. Before 1930, the public recognized t'ai chi ch'uan being taught by the Yang family and the Wu family but the arrival of Chen Fake and his promotion of Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan would radically change this public perception. Chen Fake had moved from Chen village to Beijing to openly teach his family style. In accordance with Chinese martial arts tradition, Chen accepted and won all challenges. Chen's feats and exploits were widely reported in the press. Liu decided to investigate the validity of those claims. Liu invited Chen for a demonstration of the form as well as some friendly push hand competition. Liu was impressed by Chen's ability and decided to lead his students including Hong to study Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan.
For the next fifteen years, Hong studied diligently under the careful guidance of Chen Fake. Initially, Chen lived with Hong because of Hong's affluence. This allowed Hong to closely observe the teachings of Chen. Over time, Hong's health improved and this provided added impetus for Hong to continue his t'ai chi ch'uan training. Even as his family responsibility increased with his six sons and his fortune declined, Hong continued to train closely with Chen. Just as Hong’s wealth wane, Chen’s reputation was rising. Chen invited Hong’s family to stay with him. These allowed Hong once again to receive detail instructions from Chen. Over a thirty-year period, Chen Fake taught several hundred students in Beijing. Of those hundreds, only a handful can considered themselves to be disciples (入门弟子), Hong was one of the earliest of those disciples and studied with Chen the closest and longest.
In 1944, Hong’s fortune continued to decline and he had to moved from Beijing to Jinan, Shangdong Province (山东省). He would stay there for the rest of his life researching and practicing Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan according to the teachings of Chen Fake. He would meet his master just once more time. In 1956, Hong was able to visit Beijing to train again with Chen Fake. Hong spent an intensive four months checking with his master on his interpretation and understanding of Chen style. At the end, Chen Fake told Hong that Hong's skill had reach a sufficient level and that Hong can now teach t'ai chi ch'uan. (陈发科: “你的功夫已经达到了我所期望的水平，回去后，你可以教拳了。”)〔 Hong heeded his teacher's advice. When Hong return to Jinan, he started to teach earnestly Chen-style t'ai chi ch'uan. Just a year later, in 1957, Chen Fake died. Hong was then one of the last links to the traditional Chinese martial arts as practiced in the previous century.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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